Sticking with the process

My historical win rate is about 30%, so with the majority of my trades generating losses, I have learnt to accept losing money along the way.

To me, what is far more important than the monetary outcome of any one trade is whether I am sticking to my process and my execution:

The joy of helping an aspiring trend follower

A while back I received an urgent message from one of the traders in my mentoring group. He managed to get himself into a trade where a trend had developed in his favour and was now (in his words) "going parabolic". 

This person had been developing his method over a period of time, so that it best meshed with his full-time job, which in a pre-COVID world demanded long hours and lots of transatlantic travel. As a result, his chosen timeframe and parameters are somewhat longer-term than my own, but the underlying principles remain exactly the same.

More on knowns, unknowns and risk

The recent passing of Donald Rumsfeld caused me to reflect again on his (in)famous "known knowns, known unknowns and unknown unknowns" speech (see here), but the truth is that we always have such instances possible in the markets, at any time.

New testimonial

Just before Christmas I received the following from Stefan, an aspiring trend follower based in Germany:

Current market volatility and staying the course

In the last couple of weeks we have seen an ever-increasing level of volatility within the context of a sharp drop in price in the major market averages.

We have also started to see intervention in the markets by governments and regulators - additional liquidity being provided and interest rate cuts, as well as market trading halts (up and down) being triggered and the introduction of short selling bans on certain stocks.

Trend following and Epictetus

The stoic philosopher Epictetus once said that “We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much as we speak.”

In the world of trading however, plenty of participants seem to think they have two mouths and one ear. They aren't interested in listening; they are simply wanting to speak - often over the market itself.

Don't think you know better than your rules

"If you take emotion - would be, could be, should be - out of it, and look at what is, and quantify it, I think you have a big advantage over most human beings." - John W Henry

In trading, hindsight can be a not-so wonderful thing. Your stop gets hit, kicking you out of a trade for a small profit. All of a sudden, price takes off in the direction you were looking to profit from, leaving you on the sidelines.

Take it from me. If it's happened once, it will happen a thousand times.

Is this type of event frustrating? Sure.

Using volatility contraction to increase your profits

Often you see people talking about a winning trade, and how far in percentage terms price moved in their favour after entry.

But on its own, this doesn't tell you anything - to me, it is a worthless metric when evaluating performance.

As a trader, I'm far more interested in the size of the profit (or loss) generated when expressed in terms of R.

Experiencing the first big winning trend

When a trader starts adopting a trend following approach, there can be a steep learning curve in terms in truly understanding the ups and downs they will experience - both in terms of open equity and the emotions involved. 

Aspiring trend followers will more often than not go straight into a drawdown on cash equity. This is due to them adopting the basic principles of cutting losses short and letting profits run, combined with the low win rate that is typically achieved. 

My observation is that people quickly develop the need for good risk control and the cutting of losses, but by far the most challenging aspect of a trend following approach is the ability to remain faithful to your exit rules once you get into a profitable trade.

Stick or twist?

"We have a saying here: "It is incredible how rich you can get by not being perfect." We are not looking for the optimum method; we are looking for the hardiest method. Anyone can sit down and devise a perfect system for the past." - Larry Hite

A trader is always evolving, in terms of his ideas, beliefs and his method. As an example, you often read about how young 'fearless' traders learn to appreciate the importance of risk control - often after blowing up an account or two, or at the minimum having an emotionally demoralising experience associated with a major drawdown. Even some of the Market Wizards went through this.

Occasionally, a trader moves away from their original ideas and beliefs about how to make money. Again, some of the most successful traders have done this.

Trading the line of least resistance

A lot of the people who were profitable in 2008 became unstuck the following year. They seemed to get in their head that, once the markets started rallying, they were anticipating a further, more pronounced price drop.

In the summer of 2009, they got their chance. There were numerous trading blogs of the day talking about a 'head and shoulders' pattern which had formed on the indices between May and June, and they were going to use this as a trigger to go short the market, and really make a killing.

Another example of a nasty price gap

If you subscribe to the Mark Douglas theory that in the markets anything can happen, at any time, then you will know and accept the potential effect that sudden or unexpected announcements can have on price of a stock or instrument.

Seemingly you can be comfortably sitting in profit on a trade, even with your trailing stop above your entry price, only for a price gap to occur against you, resulting from the reaction to such an announcement.

It is for this reason why I never take into account open profits for position sizing purposes. A profit or loss on a position is not known until the trade is closed. Open profits can disappear - seemingly overnight with little or no warning, and your trailing stop may be rendered worthless.

New testimonial

A couple of weekends back, while on the train to London, I posted this up on Twitter:

The traders I was going to meet were Craig and Aaron, and our catch up marked the end of working closely together for three years.

Following that, Craig has now kindly forwarded the following note:

Donald Rumsfeld, Paul Tudor Jones, Facebook and Twitter

“I don't risk significant money in front of key reports, since that is gambling, not trading." - Paul Tudor Jones

When you are trading, the only elements you can control is when to enter a position, where you place your initial stop, your position size and the amount you are willing to risk.

Once you are in a trade, you have no influence over what will happen - the market (being other buyers and sellers) will determine future price direction, and consequently whether your position goes into profit or a loss.

You of course do have control over where you place your initial or trailing stop, but you do not always get out at those prices - particularly if you end up on the receiving end of a price shock and a resultant gap against you. As a result, there is always a risk that you can lose more than your initial risk on any trade.

Earnings releases are, in Rumsfeld-speak, a "known unknown". We know when they will occur, but we cannot predict or quantify their effect on price. Therefore, there is always potential downside risk attached to them. Some announcements may see price move in your favour, others can go against you.

This week we have seen two big-cap Nasdaq stocks suffer large price gaps following earnings releases. The charts of Facebook and Twitter are below.

Learning from the Turtles experiment - what should you learn first?

The ad that started a legend.

An often overlooked aspect of the Turtle Traders experiment was not simply what they got told, but the order in what they got told. We can piece this together from the various writings about the experiment, including that of the Turtles themselves.

"Rich and Bill first taught us the foundations of basic gaming and probability theory. They explained to us the mathematical basis for money management, risk of ruin, and expectation" - Curtis Faith, from Way of The Turtle

It is also known that, while a commodities trader, Richard Dennis preferred not to read economic or crop reports - his preferred reading was Psychology Today. So I think it would be fair to say that (whether it was directly done or not) there was some basic trading psychology covered during the training period.

Volatility issues

Below I have shown a chart of the Dow which highlights the split personality of the markets in recent times.

Up until the end of January, we can see the market clearly in a trending, stable (i.e. low volatility) state. From there, the chart is a mess, and the Volatility Factor and 2ATR measurements clearly show the explosion in volatility.

Some thoughts on varying your position size

In my own trading, I use fixed fractional position sizing - that is, while the monetary value of risk per trade varies as my equity goes up or down, I risk the same amount in percentage terms.

A while back, a good trader friend of mine experimented with varying the percentage risk per trade based on a look back period of performance. 

Both methods have been used by successful traders and Market Wizards. Both have strengths and weaknesses.

The Golden Rule

I would be considered by many to be a loser at trading. This is on the basis that I have far more losing trades than winners. And, if that metric alone determined whether someone is profitable or not, then they would be right.

But fortunately, they are not. Because I use what Van Tharp calls 'The Golden Rule'. It has been around for more than 200 years. Trend followers swear by it. If you can use it, you can make money. What is it?

A trader's development - a case study Part 2

Back in the summer of 2013, I wrote this post about an aspiring trader called Tom (not his real name) who I first met in early 2012, and gave a potted history of how he had developed as a trader over that period of time. Tom was the first trader that I mentored. This post now updates that story...

From theory to practice - marching to your own beat

Yesterday I was asked an interesting question by an aspiring trader based in India who I have corresponded with for several months. I know he has eagerly been collating a lot of knowledge and information from a number of traders and resources over this period of time. Now he was basically asking me:

"How can I put all my trading knowledge into practice?"

The answer to this is a simple step-by-step process, which can be used by anyone in a similar position: